Π‘ΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ½Π°Ρ Ρ Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² (ΠΊΠΠΠ) ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ Π°Π»ΡΡΠ°-ΠΈ Π³Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ°-ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΠ½Ρ Π»ΡΠ³ΡΡΠΊΠΈ Rana temporaria
Π ΠΊ ΠΠΠ, ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ /-2-ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΠ½ Π»ΡΠ³ΡΡΠΊΠΈ, Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΡΠΌΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠΎΡΠ°, ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΠΌ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»Ρ. Π‘ΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΠΠ If-2ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΠ½Π° Π»ΡΠ³ΡΡΠΊΠΈ, ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π² Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π΅ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΠΠ /-I-ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ’Π°Π»Π»ΠΈΠ½Π° Π»ΡΠ³ΡΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ Π² Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅-ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠ»Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΎ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ Ρ Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Π° ΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ… Π§ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡ Π΅ΡΡ >
- Π‘ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅
- ΠΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΊΠ°
- ΠΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ°
- ΠΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ
- ΠΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡ Π² Π½Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ
Π‘ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅
- I. ΠΠΠΠΠ ΠΠΠ’ΠΠ ΠΠ’Π£Π Π«: Π‘Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²: ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ°
- 1. 1. ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ
- 1. 2. ΠΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²
- 1. 3. ΠΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²?.II
- 1. 4. ΠΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²Π΄ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Ρ
- 1. 5. Π Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²
- 1. 6. ΠΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΡΡΠ² Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²
- 1. 7. ΠΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-ΡΠΊΠ·ΠΎΠ½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ², Π²Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²
- 1. 8. Π‘ΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½ΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ², Π²Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²
- 1. 9. Π‘Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΠ½Ρ Ρ
ΡΡΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π³Π»Π°Π·Π°
- 1. 9. 1. ΠΠ΅Π½Ρ, ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ^-ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΠ½Ρ
- 1. 9. 2. ΠΠ΅Π½Ρ, ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ yff-ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΠ½Ρ
- 1. 9. 3. ΠΠ΅Π½Ρ, ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ^-ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΠ½Ρ
- 1. 9. 4. ΠΠ΅Π½Ρ, ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π -ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΠ½Ρ
- 1. 9. 5. Π Π΅Π³ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ², 47 Π. ΠΠΠ’ΠΠ ΠΠΠΠ« Π ΠΠΠ’ΠΠΠ«
- II. 2. ΠΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΠΠ. 50 Π. Π. ΠΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΠΠ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π² Π³ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Ρ Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡ
- II. 5. ΠΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΠΠ
- II. 6. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΠΠ
- II. 7. ΠΠΈΠ±ΡΠΈΠ΄-ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ
- II. 9. ΠΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ² ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π ΠΠ.. 61 Π. 10. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΏΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΠΠΠ-ΠΠΠ‘-ΡΡΠ°. 63 Π.II. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΠΠ in vitro Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° Π½ΠΈΠΊΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ
- II. 12. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡ Π ΠΠ Π½Π° Π½ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π»Π»ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ·Ρ ΠΈ Π³ΠΈΠ±ΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ Ρ [32Π ]-ΠΠΠ
- II. 13. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ 3—ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠΈΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΠΠ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° ΠΠΠ-ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π·Ρ I Π΅, col
- II. 14. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠΈΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΠΠ ΠΏΠΎ 5'ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°ΠΌ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π°Π·Ρ
- II. 15. Π Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΠΠ Π² ΠΠΠ
- II. 16. ΠΠ»Π²Π΄ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΠΠ ΠΈΠ· ΠΠΠΠ
- II. 17. ΠΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½ΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΠΠ
Π‘ΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ½Π°Ρ Ρ Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² (ΠΊΠΠΠ) ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ Π°Π»ΡΡΠ°-ΠΈ Π³Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ°-ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΠ½Ρ Π»ΡΠ³ΡΡΠΊΠΈ Rana temporaria (ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Ρ, ΠΊΡΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ, Π΄ΠΈΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ)
ΠΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΠ½Ρ — ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΈ Ρ ΡΡΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π³Π»Π°Π·Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ . ΠΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠΈΡ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ² Π² Ρ ΡΡΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ Π·ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ΄Π° ΡΡΠ½Π΄Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ, ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ°, ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ°, ΡΠΌΠ±ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΡ, ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ. ΠΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΊ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΡ 20-ΡΠΈ Π»Π΅Ρ,.
Π Π³Π΅Π½Π°Ρ , ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΠ½Ρ, Π΄ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎ, Π½Π΅ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΡΠ΄ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ², ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ². Π Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΠΠ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π³Π΅Π½Ρ, ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΠ½Ρ, Π Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π²Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΡ Π² ΡΡΠ΄Π΅ Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠΈΡΠ°.
ΠΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Ρ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡΡ Π² Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ² Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠ° Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΠΌ, Π. Π. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π° ΠΠ Π‘Π‘Π‘Π , ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ Π½Π°ΡΠΊ ΠΠ°ΡΠ·Π΅ Π, Π, ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΠ½Ρ Ρ ΡΡΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π³Π»Π°Π·Π° Π»ΡΠ³ΡΡΠΊΠΈ Rana temporaria.
Π¦Π΅Π»ΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΡ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ Ρ Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΊΠΠΠ-Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΡ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ² Ρ ΡΡΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π³Π»Π°Π·Π° Π»ΡΠ³ΡΡΠΊΠΈ. ΠΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊΡΠΏΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΠΈ, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ Π³ΠΈΠ±ΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ Π½ΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡ, ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ ΡΠ΅Ρ Π½ΠΈΠΊΡ, ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠΈΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½ΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΠΠ.
Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠΌ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΡ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΊΠΠΠ-Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΏΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΄Ρ ΠΈ-ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ², Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ /-ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΠ½Ρ Π»ΡΠ³ΡΡΠΊΠΈ, ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ Π΄Π²ΡΡ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ², ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ ft-ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΠ½, Π° Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠΉ <^Π2~ΠΊΠ ΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΠ½*.
ΠΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ» ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡ Π²ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΎ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ ΠΠ-2-ΠΊΡΠΈ Ρ Π’Π°Π»Π»ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΈ d Ag-Kpnc Π’Π°Π»Π»ΠΈΠ½Π°, ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ², Π²ΡΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² Π² ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΡ Π³ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ² Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΏΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΊ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠΌ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ°ΠΌ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ².
I. ΠΠΠΠΠ ΠΠΠ’ΠΠ ΠΠ’Π£Π Π«: Π‘Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²: ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ°.
IΠ> ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ.
ΠΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ° ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π°ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ, Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ. ΠΠ³ΡΠΎΠΌΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ΅ΡΡ Π² ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ Π±ΡΠ» Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ³Π½ΡΡ Π² ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΠΈ.
ΠΠ° ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΡΡ Π»Π΅Ρ ΠΎΠ± ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² ΠΌΡ ΡΠ·Π½Π°Π»ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅, ΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π·Π° Π²Π΅ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ Π½Π°ΡΠΊΠΈ, ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΡΡΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² ΡΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΡ. Π Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ· ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΡΡΠ³Π° ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ², ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ° ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΈΡ , Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ².
ΠΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ , ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΊ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π² ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡ ΡΡΠ΄ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ° ΡΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ. ΠΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈΠ· Π²ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ Π³Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ Π² Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ Π² Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ².
Π’Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠΏ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ Π ΠΠ (ΡΠ ΠΠ ΠΈ ΡΠ ΠΠ), ΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ², ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΊ «ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ» Π³Π΅Π½Π°ΠΌ. ΠΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ Π³Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡ Π² Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ «ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²Π°» ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡ ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠΏ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ². Π―Π²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ½ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ-ΡΠΎ Π²ΡΠ³ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ? ΠΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠΏΡ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π°, ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ Π² Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ², ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²Π°?
ΠΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ², ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠΏΡ ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²? ΠΠ°ΠΊ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² Π² ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ? ΠΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΡΡΠ² Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²? ΠΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ· Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ², Π²Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΊ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ?
ΠΠΎΡ Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ΅Ρ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ Π²ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ Π² ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ Ρ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΡΡΠ² Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ².
ΠΠ΅Π½Ρ, ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΠ½Ρ Ρ ΡΡΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π³Π»Π°Π·Π°, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π² Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅, ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²Π°ΠΌΠΈ, Π½ΠΎ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎ Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ. ΠΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ Π² ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡΠ΅ Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΌΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΡΡΠ² Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ², ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡ Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠΌ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Ρ ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²Π°ΠΌ Π°ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ².
ΠΠ«ΠΠΠΠ«.
1. ΠΠ· ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π΅ Π² Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΊΠΠΠ, ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π½ΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ»ΠΈ (Π)+Π ΠΠ Ρ ΡΡΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π³Π»Π°Π·Π° Π»ΡΠ³ΡΡΠΊΠΈ Rana temporaria, Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Ρ, ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π²Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ° ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²: ^Π^ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΠ½ (ΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½pRt (1) 297) ΠΈ-ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΠ½Ρ (ΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Ρ — pRt (1) 27, pRt (1) 42, pRt (1) 57 ΠΈ pRt (1) 294).
2. ΠΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π° Π½ΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄Π½Π°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΠΠ ΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π° pRt (1) 27, ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈΠ· /-ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ² Π»ΡΠ³ΡΡΠΊΠΈ (/-2ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΠ½). Π ΠΊΠΠΠ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π° Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ 506 Π½ΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ± Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ /-2-ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ’Π°Π»Π»ΠΈΠ½Π°, Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ Ρ Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ 6 ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ 173.
3. Π ΠΊ ΠΠΠ, ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ /-2-ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΠ½ Π»ΡΠ³ΡΡΠΊΠΈ, Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΡΠΌΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠΎΡΠ°, ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΠΌ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»Ρ. Π‘ΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΠΠ If-2ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΠ½Π° Π»ΡΠ³ΡΡΠΊΠΈ, ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π² Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π΅ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΠΠ /-I-ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ’Π°Π»Π»ΠΈΠ½Π° Π»ΡΠ³ΡΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ Π² Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅-ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠ»Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΎ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ Ρ Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Π° ΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΡΠΌΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠΎΡΡ Π² ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΠΠ (ΠΌΠ ΠΠ) /-2-ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΈ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡ /-ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π΄Π²ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΡΡ Π΄ΡΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ Π³ΠΈΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ³Π΅Π½Π°-ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ° /-ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ².
4. ΠΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΠΠ ΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² pRt (i) 42 ΠΈ pRt (l) 57, ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΡ /'-ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΠ½Ρ Π»ΡΠ³ΡΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ Ρ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΠΠ /-2- ΠΈ /-I-ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ’Π°Π»Π»ΠΈΠ½Π° Π»ΡΠ³ΡΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ Ρ Π»ΡΠ³ΡΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΎ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ , ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΉΠ½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅, ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ , Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ /-ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΠ½Π°.
5. ΠΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π° Π½ΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄Π½Π°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΠΠ ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π° pRt (1) 297. Π‘ΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ Ρ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π²ΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΡ Π² Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ΅ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½ pRt (1) 297 ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ ^^-ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΠ½ Π»ΡΠ³ΡΡΠΊΠΈ. Π ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ± Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π³^^-ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ’Π°Π»Π»ΠΈΠ½Π°, Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ Ρ Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ 25 ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ 173.
6. ΠΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ 3'-Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠΉ ΡΠ°ΠΉΠΎΠ½, ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ Π² ΠΌΠ ΠΠ Π2~ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΠ½Π° Π»ΡΠ³ΡΡΠΊΠΈ, Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π² 4 ΡΠ°Π·Π° ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ΅, ΡΠ΅ΠΌ 3'-Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠΉ ΡΠ°ΠΉΠΎΠ½ ΠΌΠ ΠΠ, ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ ^Π^ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΠ½ Ρ ΠΌΠ»Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ , ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π΄Π²ΡΡ ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ ΠΠ.
7. ΠΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ° ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ° ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΈ /-ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ². Π’Π΅ΠΌΠΏ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ I Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ Π½Π° 100 Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡ Π·Π° 17 ΠΌΠΈΠ»Π»ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² Π»Π΅Ρ, Π΄Π»Ρ /-ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΡΡΠ° Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π° ΡΠ°Π²Π½Π° I Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅ Π½Π° 100 Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡ Π·Π° 9−10 ΠΌΠΈΠ»Π»ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² Π»Π΅Ρ.
ΠΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΊΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊ.Π±.Π½. Π‘. Π. Π’ΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅Π²Ρ Π·Π° Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡ Π² ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅, ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ² Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠ° Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΠΌ. Π. Π. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π° ΠΠ Π‘Π‘Π‘Π Π΄.Π±.Π½. Π. Π. ΠΠ°ΡΠ·Π΅ Π·Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΊ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅, ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Ρ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ Π·Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΊΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡ.
Π‘ΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠΊ Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ
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