ΠΠΠ-ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ
ΠΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ³ΡΠΎΠΌΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ. ΠΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ-Π±Π΅Π· Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡ Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ°: ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ±ΡΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡΡ ΠΊ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ, ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΡ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ΅Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡΠΈ, «ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ» Π²ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΠΏΠ»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π² ΠΌΡΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΈ Ρ. Π΄. ΠΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ, 1 ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ°, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π½Π° Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅… Π§ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡ Π΅ΡΡ >
- Π‘ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅
- ΠΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΊΠ°
- ΠΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ°
- ΠΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ
- ΠΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡ Π² Π½Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ
Π‘ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅
- 1. ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ
- 2. ΠΠΠΠΠ ΠΠΠ’ΠΠ ΠΠ’Π£Π Π«
- 2. 1. Π‘ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈ Π±Π΅ΡΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ
- 2. 2. Π’Π΅Π½Π΄Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡ Π² Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ
- 2. 3. ΠΠΠ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΠΌΡ Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π°
- 2. 4. ΠΠΌΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠ³ΠΌΡ
- 2. 5. ΠΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π»ΠΈΡ
- 3. ΠΠΠ’ΠΠ ΠΠΠΠ« Π ΠΠΠ’ΠΠΠ« ΠΠ‘Π‘ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ―
- 3. 1. ΠΡΠΏΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
- 3. 2. ΠΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ
- 3. 3. ΠΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡΡ ΠΠΠ
- 3. 4. ΠΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ° ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
- 3. 5. ΠΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
- 3. 6. Π‘ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
- 4. Π ΠΠΠ£ΠΠ¬Π’ΠΠ’Π« ΠΠ‘Π‘ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ―
- 4. 1. ΠΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅
- 4. 2. ΠΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅
- 4. 3. ΠΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΠΠ
- 5. ΠΠΠ‘Π£ΠΠΠΠΠΠ Π ΠΠΠ£ΠΠ¬Π’ΠΠ’ΠΠ
- 5. 1. ΠΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅
- 5. 2. ΠΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΠΠ
- ΠΠ«ΠΠΠΠ«
ΠΠΠ-ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ (ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Ρ, ΠΊΡΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ, Π΄ΠΈΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ)
ΠΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ.
ΠΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ³ΡΠΎΠΌΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ. ΠΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ-Π±Π΅Π· Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡ Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ°: ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ±ΡΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡΡ ΠΊ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ, ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΡ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ΅Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡΠΈ, «ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ» Π²ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΠΏΠ»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π² ΠΌΡΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΈ Ρ. Π΄. ΠΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ, 1 ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ°, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π½Π° Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ (Lane, 2009; Salovey et al., 2000). ΠΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π½Π΅Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ Π½Π° Π·Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π½Π΅Π³Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ, Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ, ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ^ Π²ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π±Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ (Smith et al., 2004), Π΄Π΅ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ (Steptoe, 2006), Π±Π΅ΡΠΏΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΎ (Brosschot et al., 2006) ΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ (Kubzansky et al., 1998), ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ (Stern et al., 2001), ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡ (Vitaliano et al., 1998) ΠΈ Π΄Ρ. ΠΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ, Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ, Π΄Π΅ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΡΠ° (Frasure-Smith, Lesperance, 2005), Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π±Π΅Ρ (Katon et al., 2005) ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° (Onitilo et al., 2006). ΠΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Π²Π»ΡΡΡΠ΅Π΅ ΡΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ², ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ·, Π΄Π΅ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ, Π±ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΠΈ Π΄Ρ., ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ Ρ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² (Phillips et al., 2003; Waller, Scheidt, 2006). Π ΡΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π²ΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΠΎ, — ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ Π½Π° Π·Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ (Danner et al., 2001; Pressman, Cohen, 2005).
Π Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ-ΡΠΌΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ , ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ , ΡΡΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΎΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡΠ΅ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ°. ΠΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ , ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ , ΠΈ Π±Π΅ΡΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ , ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ , ΠΏΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π»Π° ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΅ΡΡΡ Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠ½Π° «ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°ΠΉΡΠ±Π΅ΡΠ³Π°» Π² ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Π²Π»ΡΡΡΠ΅Π΅ ΡΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π±Π΅ΡΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ (Gazzaniga, 1998). ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅, ΡΡΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Ρ Ρ ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΡ, ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ (Waller, Scheidt-, 2006). ΠΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π°ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π°, ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΡ ΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ.
ΠΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ·*Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ° ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅. ΠΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ Π² ΡΡΠ΄Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² — Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΈ (McGinness, Pribram, 1979), ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡΠΈ (Volf, Razumnikova, 1999), Π²ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ (Hsu et al., 1994), Π²Π΅ΡΠ±Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ (Hyde, Linn, 1988) ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ (Vecchi, Girelli, 1998) ΠΈ Ρ. ΠΏ. ΠΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ, ΠΏΠΎΠΆΠ°Π»ΡΠΉ, Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ Π² Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ. ΠΠΎ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½Π΅Π΅ ΠΌΡΠΆΡΠΈΠ½ Π² ΠΎΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ* ΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΈΡ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΉ (Burton, Levy, 1989; Cozby- 1973; Grossman, Wood, 1993), Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½Ρ Π² ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΈΡ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ (Asthana, Mandal, 1998; Dimberg, Lundquist, 1990; Hannah et al., 2009), ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΄Π°ΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΌ, ΠΈ Π² Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΈ, Π½Π΅ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΌΡΠΆΡΠΈΠ½Ρ, ΡΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ ΠΈΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ (Gupchik, Leventhal, 1974; Dienstbier, Munter, 1971; Geer, 1965; Griffitt, et al., 1974). ΠΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΊ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»Π°ΠΌ, Π² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΠΊ Π»ΠΈΡΠ°ΠΌ (Proverbio et al., 2008), ΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½Π΅Π΅ ΠΌΡΠΆΡΠΈΠ½ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π°Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌ Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π»ΠΈΡ (Bradley et al., 2001; Frisch, 1995; Hampson et al., 2006; Knyazev et al., 2008a, 2009aThayer, Johnsen, 2000). ΠΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΠΌΡΠΆΡΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π² Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ (Derntl et al., 2010; Lee et al., 2005; Schneider et al., 2001). ΠΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π΄ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ»ΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΉ (Archer, 2004), ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ Π΄Π»Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ³Π»ΡΠ±Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π΅.
ΠΠ»Ρ ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ²-ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π°, ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ Ρ ΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΉ, ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Ρ, Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π° ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ², Π°Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ²Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΡ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ, ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅, Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈ Π±Π΅ΡΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Ρ Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌ, Π·Π°Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ. Π’Π°ΠΊ, Π±Π΅ΡΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° Π·ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π±ΡΡΡΡΠΎ — Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠ΅ 250−300' ΠΌΡ, Π·Π°Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ·Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ (Π·Π°ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅) ΠΏΡΡΠΈ Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π°, ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»Π°, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΌΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π°Π³ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ/ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΡΠΉ ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ». Π‘ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° Π·ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ΅Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ, Π·Π°Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ Π²Π΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ (Π·Π°ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π²ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅) ΠΏΡΡΠΈ, ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»Π°. ΠΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π² ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π΅ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ° Π² Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ* Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΠΈΡΠΎ-ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-ΡΠΌΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ, ΡΡΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ Π΄Π»ΡΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΡΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ (ΠΠΠ) Π΄ΠΎ ΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π°Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ²Π°ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ. Π‘ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡ Π² Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΠΠ Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ, ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅, Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π² Π³Π»ΡΠ±ΠΎΠΊΠΎ, ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π°. Π Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΠΠ Π² ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΡ Π² ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ (Basar et al., 2001; Klimesch, 1999). Π ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ»Π»ΡΡΠΈΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π°Π΄Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ (Aftanas et al., 2001, 2004; Basar et al., 2006, 2008; Doppelmayr et al., 2002). ΠΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ Π² Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ.
Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈ Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
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Π¦Π΅Π»ΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ, ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ Ρ Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ»Π»ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Ρ Π»ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π° ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»Π°.
ΠΠ»Ρ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΠΈ:
1 .ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Ρ Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ»Π»ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»ΠΎΠ² Π² ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ .
2. ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ .
3. ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ»Π»ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Ρ Π»ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π° ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»ΠΎΠ².
ΠΠ°ΡΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π° ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ.
Π Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠ΅Π΅: ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Ρ Ρ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΊΠ°Π»Π°ΠΌ ΠΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΠ½ΡΠ΅Π»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°, ΠΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π§ΡΠ²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ Π² ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅Ρ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»ΠΎΠ², ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Ρ Ρ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠΊΠ°Π»Π°ΠΌ;
— ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡ Π²ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ»Π»ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ;
— ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡ Π² Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ»Π»ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ' Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ;
— Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΉ Π² ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ»Π»ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»ΠΎΠ².
Π’Π΅ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ.
Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Ρ ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ»Π»ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π² Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΈ, Π² ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΡΠΈΡΠΌΠ°, Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ ΡΠ³Π»ΡΠ±Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΡΡ Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΡ , ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ»Π»ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ Ρ ΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΠΎ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΌ, ΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π΅ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡ Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π·ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΡΠΎΡ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Ρ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Π΅, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΊΠ° Π·ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΠΎΠ³Π»Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π»Π°ΠΌ. ΠΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ Ρ ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π² ΠΏΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ.
Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠΌ, ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² Ρ Π»ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π° ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. Π ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Π΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ, ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ, Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡ, Ρ.ΠΊ. ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΈ Π±Π΅ΡΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π»ΡΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ Ρ Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ².
ΠΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π²ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ΅ Π½Π° Π·Π°ΡΠΈΡΡ.
1. ΠΡΠ·Π²Π°Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΠ° Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½Π΅ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ , ΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»ΠΎΠ², Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π° Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ Ρ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ, ΡΠ΅ΠΌ Ρ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΠ½ΡΠ΅Π»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°, ΠΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π§ΡΠ²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ.
2. ΠΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π·ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ (ΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ) ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ (Π±Π΅ΡΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ) ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Ρ Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ: Π±Π΅ΡΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠ΅ 250−300 ΠΌΡ ΠΈ Π·Π°Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ°Π·Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π·ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡ, ΡΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°Π΅Ρ Π² Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π΄Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ²Π°Π»Ρ ΠΈ Π·Π°Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ Π²Π΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π·ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡ.
3. Π‘ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡ Π² ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ: Ρ ΠΌΡΠΆΡΠΈΠ½ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ, Π±ΡΡΡΡΡΠΉ ΡΠΈΠΏ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΉ, ΡΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ, Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π»Π΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ°.
ΠΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ.
ΠΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ Π½Π° Π±-ΡΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ ΠΈ 3-Ρ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΡ : Π½Π° Π΅ΠΆΠ΅Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΡΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠΊΠΈ (ΠΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΈ, Π¨ΠΎΡΠ»Π°Π½Π΄ΠΈΡ, 2007), Π½Π° XX Π‘ΡΠ΅Π·Π΄Π΅ ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΠ°Π²Π»ΠΎΠ²Π° (ΠΠΎΡΠΊΠ²Π°, 2007), Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ «ΠΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΡ , ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ² ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ Ρ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΏΠ½ΡΡ Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²» (ΠΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π°Π»Ρ, ΠΠ°Π½Π°Π΄Π°, 2007), Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅ «Π Π΅Π³ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ: ΠΎΡ Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΡΠ²ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Π΅ΠΉ» (Π’Π²Π°ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½Π½Π΅, Π€ΠΈΠ½Π»ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΈΡ, 2008), Π½Π° V ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡ «Π€ΡΠ½Π΄Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π½Π°ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ» (ΠΠΎΡΠΊΠ²Π°, 2008), Π½Π° 19-ΠΎΠΌ Π±ΠΈΠ΅Π½Π½Π°Π»Π΅ ΠΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ° (ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΡΡ, ΠΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΡ, 2008), Π½Π° VI Π‘ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠ΅Π·Π΄Π΅ (ΠΠ°ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠ», 2008), Π½Π° 14-ΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π³ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° «ΠΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΈΠ°Π΄Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π°» (Π‘Π°Π½ΠΊΡ-ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ±ΡΡΠ³, 2008), Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ «ΠΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ Π² Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠΈ» (Π‘ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ±ΡΠ», Π’ΡΡΡΠΈΡ, 2010).
ΠΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ 12 ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ ΠΆΡΡΠ½Π°Π»Π°Ρ , ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΈΡ 9 — Π² ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ ΠΈ 3 — Π² ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ .
ΠΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ° Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ.
ΠΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ·Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π° Π½Π° 148 ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ°Ρ , Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ 24 ΡΠΈΡΡΠ½ΠΊΠ°, ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ· Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡΠ° Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ, ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ², Π²ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠΊΠ° Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ 567 ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡ.
Π²ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ.
1. Π‘ΠΈΠ½Ρ ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΠ° Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½Π΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ , ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»ΠΎΠ².
2. ΠΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Ρ Ρ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΠ½ΡΠ΅Π»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ° Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ Π² ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅Ρ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»ΠΎΠ², ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Ρ Ρ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ Π½Π° Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ.
3. ΠΡΠΏΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠ΅, Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π² ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΡ, ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ, ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ Ρ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»ΠΎΠ², ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ Π½Π° Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ.
4. ΠΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ Π±Π΅ΡΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Ρ Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌ. Π’Π΅ΡΠ° ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ, ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½Π°Ρ Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»ΠΎΠ², ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠ°ΠΉΠΎΠ½Π΅ 250−300 ΠΌΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π±Π΅ΡΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ 300 ΠΌΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ.
5. ΠΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ Π±Π΅ΡΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌ Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ»Π»ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. ΠΡΠΈ Π±Π΅ΡΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅ Π·Π°Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π°Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠ»Ρ, ΡΠ³Π»ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ ΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΠ°, Π²Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π² Π΄ΠΎΡΠ°Π·Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π² Π±Π΅ΡΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Ρ . ΠΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΡ Π²ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΡ, Π²Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ°Ρ Π² ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π² Π²Π΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΡΠΈ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π»ΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ — ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ, ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π° ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ².
6. ΠΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡ Π² ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ»Π»ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡ Π² ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅Ρ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»ΠΎΠ² ΡΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡ Π² Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠΈΠΏΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ: Ρ ΠΌΡΠΆΡΠΈΠ½ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ, Π±ΡΡΡΡΡΠΉ ΡΠΈΠΏ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΉ, ΡΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Ρ Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π° ΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ, Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π»Π΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΉ.
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