ΠΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΠ΅Π’-Π ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡ Ρ ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΡ Ρ Drosophila melanogaster
ΠΠΈΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π·Ρ ΠΎΠ± ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΠ³ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΡΠΊΠΠ° melanogaster ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π·Ρ. Π‘Π°ΡΠ·Π΅ΡΠ½-Π±Π»ΠΎΡ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·2. 2. 3. 1. Π Π΅ΡΡΡΠΈΠΊΡΠΈΡ, ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π· ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΠΠ Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΠΌΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Ρ *. ΠΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠ° ΠΠΠ2. 2. 2. 1. ΠΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΠ¬Π Π΄ΡΠΎΠ·ΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Ρ. ΠΠ΅Ρ Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ ΡΠ΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ° Ρ ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΡ. Π‘ΠΈΠΊΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΠ¦Π -ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ². ΠΠ΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ° ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡΡ . ΠΠΠΠΠ 3. Π ΠΠΠ£ΠΠ¬Π’ΠΠ’Π«3. 1… Π§ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡ Π΅ΡΡ >
- Π‘ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅
- ΠΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΊΠ°
- ΠΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ°
- ΠΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ
- ΠΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡ Π² Π½Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ
Π‘ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅
- ΠΠΠΠΠ 1. ΠΠΠ’ΠΠ ΠΠ’Π£Π ΠΠ«Π ΠΠΠΠΠ
- 1. Π. ΠΠ΅Π»ΠΊΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ Ρ ΠΌΠ»Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈ Π΄ΡΠΎΠΆΠΆΠ΅ΠΉ
- 1. 2. ΠΠ»ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ ΠΌΠ»Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π΄ΡΠΎΠΆΠΆΠ΅ΠΉ
- 1. 3. ΠΠ΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ° ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡΡ
- 1. 4. ΠΠΈΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π·Ρ ΠΎΠ± ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΠ³ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΡΠΊΠΠ° melanogaster ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π·Ρ
- 1. Π. ΠΠ΅Π»ΠΊΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ Ρ ΠΌΠ»Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈ Π΄ΡΠΎΠΆΠΆΠ΅ΠΉ
- 2. 1. ΠΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ
- 2. 1. 1. ΠΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΠ³ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΡΠΠΠ° melanogaster, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π² ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅
- 2. 1. 2. ΠΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
- 2. 2. ΠΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ
- 2. 2. 1. Π’ΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌ ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ
- 2. 2. 2. ΠΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠ° ΠΠΠ
- 2. 2. 2. 1. ΠΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΠ¬Π Π΄ΡΠΎΠ·ΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Ρ
- 2. 2. 2. 2. ΠΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΠΠ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΠΈΠ΄ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ°
- 2. 2. 2. 3. ΠΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΠΠ ΠΈΠ· Π³Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠ° ΠΠΠ ΠΎΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ
- 2. 2. 3. Π‘Π°ΡΠ·Π΅ΡΠ½-Π±Π»ΠΎΡ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·
- 2. 2. 3. 1. Π Π΅ΡΡΡΠΈΠΊΡΠΈΡ, ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π· ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΠΠ Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΠΌΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Ρ *
- 2. 2. 3. 2. ΠΠΈΠ±ΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΠΠ Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΠΌΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Π΅ Ρ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π·ΠΎΠ½Π΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ
- 2. 2. 4. ΠΠΌΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΠΠ
- 2. 4. 5. Π‘ΠΈΠΊΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΠ¦Π -ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ²
- 3. 1. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ² ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΠ΅Π’-Π ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ Ρ
ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΡ >
- 3. 1. 1. ΠΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ° 5' ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ Π³Π΅Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΠΠΎΠΌ', Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π»Ρ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ Ρ ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΡ
- 3. 1. 2. ΠΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΠ΅Π’-Π ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡ Ρ ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΡ Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ° Π³Π΅Π½Π° -ΠΈΠ΅//ΠΎ^
- 3. 2. Π§Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΠ΅Π’-Π ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡ Ρ ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΡ Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π² Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ yellow Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΡ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠ° Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΈ
- 3. 3. ΠΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΠΠ ΠΠ΅Π’-Π ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π³Π΅Π½ yellow Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠ°Ρ
- 3. 4. Π£Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ, Π½Π΅ΡΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΠ΅Π’-Π ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ
- 3. 5. ΠΠ΅Ρ Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ ΡΠ΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ° Ρ ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΡ
- 4. 1. Π’ΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΠ΅Π’-Π ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ Π₯-Ρ ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΡ Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ
- 4. 2. Π£Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ° Ρ ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΡ Ρ Drosophila melanogaster ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π°ΠΌΠΈ
ΠΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΠ΅Π’-Π ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡ Ρ ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΡ Ρ Drosophila melanogaster (ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Ρ, ΠΊΡΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ, Π΄ΠΈΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ)
Π£ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ²Π° ΡΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΡ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΠ΄Π»ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡΡΡ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ° — ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π·Ρ (Greider, Blackburn, 1985; Blackburn, 1990,.
1992). ΠΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡΡ Π² ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π·Π°, Π° ΡΠ΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π³Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌ Π³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ, Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ Π² ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² (Biessmann, Mason 1997). Π’Π°ΠΊ, Ρ Drosophila melanogaster ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΈΠ· ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΠ΅Π’-Π ΠΈ TART, ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΠ΅Π’-Π ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡ 80−90% (Mason, Biessmann, 1995; Biessmann, Mason 1997). ΠΡΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΊ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎ-ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π±Π΅Π· Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π½ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π²ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠΈΠΏΠ° LINE (Mason, Biessmann, 1995; Biessmann, Mason, 1997; Biessmann et al, 1997). ΠΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΠΠ΅Π’-Π ΠΈ TART ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°ΡΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Ρ Π²ΡΠ΅Π³Π΄Π° Π² ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ — «Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π°-Ρ Π²ΠΎΡΡ» (Levis et al.,.
1993). Π‘ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°ΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ Π΄ΡΠΎΠ·ΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² (Biessmann et al., 1992Π°, 19 926). ΠΠ° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΡΡΠΎΠΉ Π³ΠΈΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π·Ρ Π±ΡΠ» ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Π½ Π²ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΌ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΠ΅Π’-Π ΠΈ TART ΠΌΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² (Mason, Biessmann, 1995). ΠΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡ Ρ ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΡ, Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ Π²ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡ Ρ ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΡ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ± ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ΅. ΠΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡ Ρ ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΡ.
ΠΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΡ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΠ΅Π’-Π ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡ Ρ ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΡ. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ Ρ Drosophila melanogaster.
Π²ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ.
1. ΠΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΡ Π³Π΅Π½Π° yellow ΡΠΎΡ ΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ²ΠΎΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ, Π½Π°Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΈ 70 ΠΏ.Π½. ΠΎΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ° Ρ ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΡ.
2. ΠΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΡ ΠΠ΅Π’-Π ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°, ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π'-ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΊ 5'-ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ Π³Π΅Π½Π° yellow, ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ° Π³Π΅Π½Π° yellow. ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π³Π΅Π½Π° Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ 400 ΠΏ.Π½. ΠΎΡ Π'-ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ° ΠΠ΅Π’-Π ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°.
3. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΠ΅Π’-Π ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡ Ρ ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΡ Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ, ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΉ Π'-ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎΡΡ ΠΠ΅Π’-Π ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° ΠΈ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈ-Π Π² ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. Π§Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ° ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠ° ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΡ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠ° Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΈ.
4. ΠΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Ρ Drosophila melanogaster ΡΠ΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ° Ρ ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΡ, Π½Π΅ΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΠ΅Π’-Π ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π°ΠΌΠΈ: Π² ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ, Π³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ.
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